The UK rail industry has become increasingly complex post-privatisation, particularly on the national rail network:
National Rail Network
Network Rail is the owner and operator of the national rail network in the UK, and provides access to the rail network to train and freight operators. Network Rail’s two main activities, infrastructure maintenance and track renewal, are provided in-house and by a supply-chain of contractors and sub-contractors.
Train Operating Companies (TOCs) lease passenger trains from Rolling Stock Companies (ROSCOs). Passenger trains are maintained by heavy maintenance suppliers, who also maintain the freight trains and wagons owned by Freight Operating Companies.
Local Rail Networks
The remainder of the rail industry falls into these key areas:
- Underground Rail (London Underground)
- Light Rail including tramways
- Other Rail including Channel Tunnel.